如何进阶托福阅读正确率？简化语句找主干就是你得分的关键点

有复习托福阅读的同学们吗？托福阅读想要获得高分还是需要一点技巧的加持。因此我们呢也给大家带来一些托福阅读技巧，教你如何进阶托福阅读正确率，一起来看看吧！

如何进阶托福阅读正确率-找语句的构成

语句= 骨干 + 润饰(逻辑联系)

①骨干是主谓或许主谓宾结构，是一个语句建立必不可少的成分。

②润饰是对主谓宾或整个语句进行润饰的部分。

③逻辑是语句内部之间的信息联系，比如因果、转机、并排等。

因为语句简化题调查的是长难句，所以大多数时分都包括这3大要素。

如何进阶托福阅读正确率-找题干剖析

例如：Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

如何进阶托福阅读正确率-过错选项

题干首要清晰表明正确选项最恰当地表达了 the essential information(中心信息)。语句的中心信息是由骨干表达出来的，所以正确选项首要有必要得有骨干。而缺失骨干就会出犯题干中提及的过错选项中的遗失中心信息( the essential information)这一点。

比如Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms. (TPO 1)

A. When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resistthe destructive forces of nature.

B. Although they seem permanent, hills and mountains exist for a relatively short period of geological time.

C. Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms.

比如：Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms. (TPO 1)

来看所给选项C：Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

该选项缺失了骨干Hills and mountainsare often regarded as the epitome of permanence， 相反，选用原句的润饰成分，即successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature，来冒充骨干。

看一下选项D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms. 该选项的骨干也被置换成了润饰successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, 所以也是过错的。

最常见的过错选项之一就是骨干缺失。可是过错选项作为语句本身，也有必要得有骨干。

如何进阶托福阅读正确率-改动原句意思

语句是由三要素(骨干+逻辑+润饰)构成，所以改动原文意思(change the meaning)就触及三个层面，即改动骨干、逻辑和润饰。

因为逻辑联系往往由联系词表明，比较好辨认，咱们先看改动逻辑联系这一过错选项特征。

过错选项：改动逻辑

以这句话为例Hills and mountains are often regarded as the epitome of permanence, successfully resisting the destructive forces of nature, but in fact they tend to be relatively short-lived in geological terms. (TPO 1)

A. When they are relatively young, hills and mountains successfully resistthe destructive forces of nature.

B. Although they seem permanent, hills and mountains exist for a relatively short period of geological time.

C. Hills and mountains successfully resist the destructive forces of nature, but only for a short time.

D. Hills and mountains resist the destructive forces of nature better than other types of landforms.

这句话的逻辑联系由联系词“but” 表明，表比照之意。所以只需选项之中将比照逻辑联系词进行置换就都是过错的。很快的能够看出B、C选项逻辑联系词的Although 和but 有比照之意，有可能是正确选项，D选项中有一个暗含的逻辑联系better than, 是一种隐性的比照，所以也可能正确。而A选项中只要表明时刻的When，改动了原句的转机逻辑，所以过错。再依据前文咱们的剖析，发现C、D都骨干缺失，过错。所以，正确选项为B。

过错选项：改动骨干

比如The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.

A Even though Ambulocetus swam by moving its body up and down, it did not have a backbone.

B The backbone of Ambulocetus, which allowed it to swim, provides evidence of its missing fluke.

C Although Ambulocetus had no fluke, its backbone structure shows that it swam like modern whales.

D By moving the rear parts of their bodies up and down, modern whales swim in a different way from the way Ambulocetus swam.

首要，咱们仍是找出原句的三要素，如下。

其间骨干是加下划线的赤色字体，but是逻辑联系词，其余部分是润饰

The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.

咱们看A选项的骨干如下加下划线的赤色字体

Even though Ambulocetus swam by moving its body up and down, it did not have a backbone.

和原句比较，逻辑联系对上了，Ambulocetus swam对应上了，可是it did not have a backbone改动了否定，因为原句中是有backbone的，没有的事fluke。事实上，命题者是故意混淆backbone和fluke，看咱们能否区别概念。

小结：骨干在选项中呈现了，可是却在必定程度上做了改动。这样的选项也是过错的。

过错选项：改动修饰

仍是以这句为例：

The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving the rear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.

咱们来看B选项：

The backbone of Ambulocetus, which allowed it to swim, provides evidence of its missing fluke.

该句中一个显着的润饰是定语从句 which allowed it to swim，而原句中是没有这个润饰联系的，所以该选项改动了润饰，是过错选项。

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