遗传相关ALEVEL生物知识点整理 还没开始复习的同学快来查收

如果将来想学生物、医学、化学等热门专业，ALEVEL生物是很多同学逃不掉的一门选课。如果你也选了这门课，就来看看本文分享的应用遗传学相关ALEVEL生物知识点，更好地准备生物考核吧。

ALEVEL生物知识点有哪些？

A-level生物第1年主要学习生物分子、细胞、生物如何与环境交换物质和遗传信息、生物之间的变异和关系。

A-level生物第2年学习生物体内部和生物体之间的能量传递、生物体如何应对内外环境的变化、遗传学、种群、进化和生态系统以及基因表达的控制。

A-level生物一共包含3场考试，每场考试2小时。前两张试卷各占总成绩的35%，第3张试卷占30%。

生物的题型分为3个Paper：

Paper 1——40道选择题，时间为45分钟，占总比重的30%，考察同学们对基本生物知识点的掌握。

Paper 3——大约6道解答题，时间长为1小时15分钟，占总比重的50%，更深入的考察同学们对知识点的掌握。

Paper 6——是实验代替题(不需要真地做实验)，它的考试时间为1个小时。大家可以把Paper6想象升级版的解答题。

应用遗传学相关ALEVEL生物知识点

　　Define genetic screening

　　Testing a population for the presence or absence of a gene

　　Discuss three advantages and disadvantages of genetic screening

　　Advantages

　　Lessen the devastating impact of genetic disease

　　Identification of persons who have genetically determined susceptibilities to specific environmental agents

　　Insurance Companies can give lower premiums

　　Disadvantage

　　Can stigmatize and emotionally traumatize those who learn that they are carriers of genetic defects

　　Invasion of privacy

　　Has the potential of being used to dictate who may or may not reproduce

　　State that the Human Genome project is an international cooperative venture to sequence the complete human genome

　　Discuss two possible advantages of this project

　　Understanding of many genetic diseases

　　Genome libraries

　　Production of gene probes to detect sufferers and carriers of genetic diseases

　　Production of pharmaceuticals based on DNA sequences

　　Define clone

　　A group of organisms of identical genotype / a group of cells descended from a single parent cell.

　　Outline a technique used in the cloning of farm animals

　　Early division of a fertilized egg produces 8 cells each of which would give rise to an embryo (totipotency).

　　After in vitro fertilization processes the 8 resultant separated embryos can be transferred to surrogate mothers (e.g. cattle or sheep) to continue using selected prime animals for the production of gametes

　　At present used for genetically manipulated animals to produce pharmaceuticals

　　Discuss the ethical issues of cloning human embryos

　　Happens naturally in monozygotic twins

　　In vitro fertilization of twins unacceptable?

　　Selection of those fit to be cloned

　　Eugenics and super-race?

　　Discuss the results of crop plant and animal breeding

　　Breeding for disease resistance

　　Increased food production

　　Higher yields of milk/wool/protein

　　Breeding plants that can spread

应用遗传相关ALEVEL生物知识点就先整理到这里。今年夏季大考已进入收尾阶段，秋季大考也将在10月开启，想好好把握补考机会，现在就可以准备起来啦，有需要的同学欢迎点击预约试听【ALEVEL同步培训班】——

开设ALEVEL多项科目辅导

橡沐教学天团+助教+个人顾问多对一教学模式

针对不同考试局学员定制课程

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易错ALEVEL生物知识点整理 痛快扫清A*障碍

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